What are the three subsystems of the nervous system?

The three subsystems of the nervous system are the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems.

The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord, serving as the main control center for processing and transmitting information throughout the body. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes all the nerves outside of the CNS, and it connects the CNS to limbs and organs, allowing for communication between the brain and the rest of the body. Within the PNS, the autonomic nervous system (ANS) regulates involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate, functioning without conscious control.

Other options mention components like somatic and cognitive systems, but they do not represent the fundamental subdivisions of the nervous system as recognized in standard neuroanatomy. The somatic nervous system is a part of the peripheral system that oversees voluntary movements, while cognitive aspects pertain more to processes related to thought and understanding, rather than physical structures or functionalities of the nervous system.